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   Table of Contents - Current issue
Coverpage
July-December 2018
Volume 3 | Issue 2
Page Nos. 21-39

Online since Friday, November 9, 2018

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES  

Immunohistochemical analysis of heat-shock protein 27 in human tooth germ and ameloblastoma p. 21
Saikat Chakraborty, Ramesh Venkatapathy, Balamurali Pennagaram Dhanasekaran, Karthikshree V Prasad, Kashish Singh, Sankari Radhakrishnan
DOI:10.4103/ijofr.ijofr_7_18  
Objective: The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the presence of heat-shock protein (HSP) 27 in developing tooth germs and ameloblastoma and compare their expressions. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Postgraduate Institute, Puducherry. Orofacial complexes of five abortus fetuses between 9th and 18th weeks were processed for fetal sections and ten formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues for ameloblastoma were taken up from the archives of the department. All tissues were stained for routine hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemistry was done using anti-HSP27 antibody. Results: Dental lamina was found positive for HSP27 in all the five cases; succedaneous bud stage was found positive in two of five cases. Stellate reticulum and outer enamel epithelium were found positive in one each of five cases and inner enamel epithelium was negative in all five cases. In ameloblastoma, ten cases were studied in which positivity was seen in the columnar or cuboidal cells of the tumor islands in various histological variants of ameloblastoma. Conclusion: The immunostaining pattern of HSP27 revealed that the differentiation level of ameloblastoma corresponds to the differentiation level of odontogenic cells in tooth germ and that HSP27 might play a role in this. Further, HSP27 can be taken up as a marker of differentiation of ameloblasts along with markers such as cytokeratin 19.
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The alternative use of a nonconventional orthopantomograms analysis technique for facial skeletal assessment p. 26
Ahmed Juma, Mustafa Tattan, Carolina Duarte
DOI:10.4103/ijofr.ijofr_9_18  
Context: Cephalometric analysis to assess facial skeletal patterns does not come without limitations. Complementary radiographic analysis has been suggested by many authors to better analyze facial patterns and discrepancies. Aims: This study aims to find correlations between the vertical and sagittal relationships of cephalograms and orthopantomograms (OPG), use the OPG to assess facial symmetry, and test the efficacy of a novel OPG analysis technique in the skeletal facial analysis. Settings and Design: Cephalograms, OPG, and facial pictures were taken from 23 volunteers from the orthodontic clinic at RAKCODS (13 males and 10 females). Subjects and Methods: Symmetry was assessed in the OPG. The traditional cephalometric analysis was performed and correlated to an experimental OPG technique. Facial convexity (pictures) and cephalometric measurements were used to identify participants with normal facial skeletal patterns. Preliminary standards for the OPG analysis technique were determined from this normal subgroup. Statistical Analysis Used: Pearson's correlation was used to assess the relation between angles. means and standard deviations were calculated to establish norms. Results: Significant correlations were observed between the cephalometric analyses and the OPG technique. Perfect symmetry was uncommon. Sagittal, vertical, and transverse preliminary norms were established. Conclusions: Perfect symmetry is uncommon, which makes lateral cephalometric analysis insufficient to analyze facial skeletal patterns. Complementary frontal assessment may improve the accuracy of orthodontic diagnosis. The OPG technique introduced in this study correlates with traditional cephalometric analysis and can be a potential adjunct to cephalometric analysis. Further studies using a larger sample should be used to establish more reliable measurement standards.
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Prevalence of dental anomalies in patients from a teaching dental hospital in the UAE p. 32
Hala Zakaria, Carolina Duarte, Wafa Al Baloushi
DOI:10.4103/ijofr.ijofr_10_18  
Context: The occurrence of dental anomalies varies between different populations. Knowledge of regional occurrence and prevalence of dental anomalies is important for proper diagnosis and patient management. Aims: This study was intended to determine the prevalence of developmental dental defects in patients from a teaching hospital in the United Arab Emirates. Settings and Design: A retrospective study was performed using 2925 radiographs from the database of the radiology department at RAK College of Dental Sciences. Subjects and Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 400 patients between 17 and 60 years of age were presented anomalies in teeth number, shape, size, and position. The patient general information, type of anomaly, and affected tooth was determined. Statistical Analysis: Data were summarized and analyzed using nonparametric tests. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The prevalence of developmental dental defects was 14.7% (n = 400) out of which 170 cases were further analyzed. The anomalies were evenly distributed among both genders and were most prevalent and diverse in the Syrian subpopulation. The most common anomalies were tooth hypodontia (19%) and root dilaceration (16%). The least common anomalies were hyperdontia (3%), taurodontism (3%), and retained primary teeth (1%). The most affected teeth were the maxillary and mandibular third molars. Conclusions: The high prevalence of dental defects suggests the need for proper diagnosis, intervention, and treatment. Further research into etiological factors for dental defects could create awareness and guide preventive strategies to assist in minimizing the associated dental problems.
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CASE REPORT Top

Regional odontodysplasia: A case with radiographic evidence of advancing development p. 37
Srikanth Hanasoge Srivathsa
DOI:10.4103/ijofr.ijofr_11_18  
Regional odontodysplasia, also commonly known as ghost teeth, is a rare dental anomaly affecting the teeth. It is a nonhereditary disorder and affects the maxillary teeth of females. This condition is localized to one or more teeth of one quadrant; it hardly crosses the midline to affect the teeth of the next quadrant. Controversy regarding the management of this condition is still prevalent, and some believe in extraction while others in retaining them. A case of ghost teeth in an 11-year-old boy, crossing the midline with radiographic evidence of advancing development, is being presented, which supports the “wait and watch” policy in the management of this condition.
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